Dubai: Thirty small-scale solar-powered desalination plants will be operational in the next 15 months to provide animals with watering holes in Abu Dhabi’s desert environment.

Two of the plants are already in use desalting brackish water from underground aquifers into fresh potable water, said a water resources expert from the Environment Agency — Abu Dhabi (EAD).

However the cost of using solar power for bigger desalination plants that produce millions of litres of fresh water for mass human consumption is still too high, said Dr Mohammad Dawoud, Manager of Water Resources Department at EAD.

Currently the cost of one desert desalination plant is Dh3 million.

Each plant will be of identical size with the same desalination capacity of five cubic metres of water per hour. The plants will be operated remotely and solar power will be harnessed by solar panels spanning 300 square metres at each site — enough to create 45 kilowatts of electricity per hour.

“The purpose of the plants is to establish a water source for the thousands of animals in the middle of the desert where there is no power. There will be no impact on the environment and the operating cost for the next 15 years is lower than transporting oil to use to create energy,” said Dawoud.

The plants will be working six to eight hours everyday. Brine, or waste water, will be pumped to an evaporation lake measuring between 30 to 40 metres in diameter and fenced off to keep animals at bay. It will also be sealed underground to avoid any leaks into to the ground water.

“Very little salt will actually be produced. Around three cubic metres of water will be discharged per hour into the evaporation lake. From time to time it will have to be maintained and the salt removed and disposed of in a landfill,” said Dawoud.

A subsurface irrigation system will pump some of the freshwater water back underground in order to create irrigated land to grow fodder for the animals.

According to the International Desalination Association, the daily production of desalinated water in the UAE is 8.4 million cubic metres. It was announced last year that future desalination production investments by Abu Dhabi and Dubai were pegged at up to $40 billion (Dh146.8 billion) to meet increasing water demand.

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To have an irrigation system that works well, you must have a reliable water source. Irrigation wells are a well used solution because they can store vast amounts of water for irrigating purposes, especially during the very hot and dry months of the year. Most irrigation wells have a screened bottom that allows the water to enter the well while keeping debris out.

While irrigations wells provide the water you need for irrigating your garden or crops, you need to service it annually for it to operate properly. Always keep the pumping level above the screen to prevent the build up of mineral deposits. It is a good idea to chlorinate the well before and after each irrigation season. This will help control the amount of bacteria that grows in the well.

Keeping your screen cleaned out and conducting the proper maintenance will keep your irrigation well running for years without any serious problems. Most of the problems with irrigation wells have to do with the screen. It can be a blockage caused by debris or chemicals. Make sure you clean the screen on your irrigation wells at least once per month. If you don’t chlorinate then you will have to do it at least once a month to prevent blockage. It is much easier to prevent these issues with the use of proper maintenance then to have to manually remove the blockage with various tools.

It is important that individuals are aware not to drink any water than comes from irrigation well. This water is not treated for consumption and it could result in serious illness or death due to the types of bacteria found in irrigation well water. The use of irrigation wells saves ranchers and farmers thousands of dollars each year.

Digging irrigation well today is much simpler than in was 60 years ago when these wells were dug with shovels. Can you imagine the work to dig through the hard ground of limestone and shale? Those early irrigation wells were similar to the holes dug for the oil industry.

Today there is special equipment available to dig irrigation well for you. This type of equipment can be rented or you can hire a professional irrigation well digger to do it for you. The most common type of irrigation well drilling today is called reverse hydraulic rotary drilling. Keeping your irrigation wells clean will help ensure they work properly.

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